(1)
Uterine cycle phases(A1) There are three phases in the uterine cycle: menstruation, proliferative phase, and secretory (before period bleeding)
Endometrial Changes (B1) The endometrium changes throughout the menstrual cycle in response to hormones
Ovarian hormone levels (C1) Estrogen levels rise and fall twice during the menstrual cycle. Estrogen levels rise during the mid-follicular phase and then drop precipitously after ovulation. This is followed by a secondary rise in estrogen levels during the mid-luteal phase with a decrease at the end of the menstrual cycle.
Average number of days (D1) 28 to 29 days
(2)
Spermatogenesis explained (A2)
spermatogenesis is the process by which sperm cell production occurs; the germ cells give rise to the haploid spermatozoa…The complex process of spermatogenesis occurs in three steps. (1) The first step involves mitotic cell division that allows the early cell stage, spermatogonia, to multiply. (2) The second step requires meiosis, in which the diploid cells form haploid cells. A division occurs until a round spermatid formation occurs. (3) The final stage of spermatogenesis includes spermatozoa production, mature and motile sperm cells, from round spermatids, through a process called spermiogenesis.
Spermiogenesis Explained (B2) Spermiogenesis is the process by which haploid round spermatids complete an extraordinary series of events to become streamlined spermatozoa capable of motility. Spermiogenesis begins after spermatocytes complete 2 quick successive meiotic reductive divisions to produce haploid round spermatids.
COMPARISON: (3)
Spermatogenesis vs. spermiogenesis(A3) Spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis are two stages that occur during the formation of sperms. Sperms are the male gametes produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The main difference between spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis is that spermatogenesis is the formation of sperm cells whereas spermiogenesis is the maturation of the spermatids into sperm cells. This means spermatogenesis is the complete process of the production of the sperm cells from the cells of the germinal epithelium of males. Spermiogenesis, on the other hand, is the final differentiation and maturation process of the spermatids into sperm cells.