Answer and Explanation:
To calculate the pH of each of the given strong acid solutions, we can use the following steps:
(a) 0.00450 M HNO3:
Since HNO3 is a strong acid, it completely dissociates in water to form H+ ions. The concentration of H+ ions in the solution is equal to the concentration of HNO3. Therefore, the pH can be calculated using the formula:
pH = -log[H+]
Substituting the concentration [H+] = 0.00450 M into the formula:
pH = -log(0.00450)
Please calculate the value using a calculator or logarithm table.
(b) 0.751 g of HCl in 50.0 L of solution:
To determine the pH, we need to convert the mass of HCl to moles. Then, we divide the moles by the volume in liters to obtain the concentration. Finally, we can use the same formula as in (a) to calculate the pH.
First, calculate the moles of HCl using its molar mass. Then, divide the moles by the volume in liters (50.0 L). Finally, substitute the concentration [H+] into the formula:
pH = -log[H+]
(c) 39.0 mL of 2.50 M HNO3 diluted to 3.50 L:
To determine the concentration of the diluted solution, we use the equation:
C1V1 = C2V2
C1 and V1 represent the initial concentration and volume, while C2 and V2 represent the final concentration and volume. After finding the final concentration, we can use the formula in (a) to calculate the pH.
(d) A mixture formed by adding 12.0 mL of 0.00100 M HNO3 to 30.0 mL of 0.00348 M HCl:
To determine the concentration of the resulting solution, we can use the equation:
C1V1 + C2V2 = C3V3
C1 and V1 represent the initial concentration and volume of the first solution, C2 and V2 represent the initial concentration and volume of the second solution, and C3 and V3 represent the final concentration and volume of the resulting solution. After finding the final concentration, we can use the formula in (a) to calculate the pH.
Please perform the necessary calculations for each case using the given formulas and data to obtain the pH values.