Question

There are three types of RNA that are directly involved in translation. Name and briefly describe the function these three types of RNA. MRNA - messenger RNA relays signals to the body. In 5′ do 3′. tRNA - TRNA goes from XJos'

Answer 1

Answer:There are three main types of RNA that are directly involved in the process of protein synthesis namely-

mRNA

rRNA

tRNA

Explanation: mRNA, rRNA, tRNA are all directly involved in the process of protein synthesis, but these all have different structures and functions.
mRNA —(messenger RNA) It provides the template for protein synthesis during translation.

As part of post- transcriptional processing in eukaryotes, the 5’end of mRNA is capped with a guanosine triphosphate nucleotide, which helps in mRNA recognition during translation or protein synthesis. Similarly the 3’end of an mRNA has a poly-A tail or multiple adenylate residues added to it which prevents enzymatic degradation of mRNA.

rRNA—(ribosomal RNA) It plays a structural and catalytic role during translation.

rRNA combine with proteins and enzymes in the cytoplasm to form ribosomes which act as a site of protein synthesis.

tRNA— (transfer RNA) It brings amino acids and reads the genetic code during translation.

tRNA have a cloverleaf structure which is stabilised by strong hydrogen bonds between the nucleotide.