Answer:
Longitude and latitude are both geographical coordinates used to specify locations on the Earth's surface. Here are the properties of each:
Longitude:
1. Longitude measures the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, which bisects the Earth into the Eastern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere.
2. The Prime Meridian, located at 0 degrees longitude, passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, UK and serves as the reference point for defining other longitudes.
3. Longitudes range from 0 to 180 degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian.
4. Lines of longitude run vertically from the North Pole to the South Pole and are referred to as meridians.
5. Longitudes are used to determine time zones, navigational routes, and to establish a global coordinate system for mapping Earth's surface.
Latitude:
1. Latitude measures the distance north or south of the equator, which divides the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.
2. The equator is located at 0 degrees latitude and is the reference point for defining other latitudes.
3. Latitudes range from 0 to 90 degrees north or south of the equator.
4. Lines of latitude run horizontally parallel to the equator and are referred to as parallels.
5. Latitudes are used to determine climate zones, calculate distances, and to establish a global coordinate system for mapping Earth's surface.
Both longitude and latitude provide a grid system that can precisely locate any point on Earth's surface