Answer and Explanation:
Cardiac output is calculated as the product of heart rate and stroke volume. Stroke volume can be calculated as LVOT area x LVOT VTI. In this example, stroke volume is 60 ml. Therefore, if the heart rate is 90 beats/min, the cardiac output is 90 beats/min x 60 ml/beat = 5400 ml/min or 5.4 L/min.