Final answer:
The loanable funds market is important for borrowers and lenders to determine interest rates and the quantity of funds exchanged. Factors affecting the market include savings rates and government borrowing, while government stimulus impacts interest rates. Actual results during the pandemic differed due to expansionary monetary policy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The loanable funds market is of great importance in the field of economics. It is a market where borrowers and lenders interact to determine the interest rate and the quantity of loanable funds exchanged. This market is crucial for the functioning of the financial system as it allows individuals, businesses, and the government to borrow and invest in various projects.
Several factors affect the market for loanable funds. The supply of loanable funds is influenced by factors such as savings rates, government borrowing, and the availability of credit. On the other hand, the demand for loanable funds is driven by investment opportunities and the expected return on investment.
The $3.8 trillion government stimulus has a significant impact on the market of loanable funds and real interest rates. When the government injects such a large amount of money into the economy, it increases the demand for loanable funds. This leads to an upward pressure on interest rates as borrowers compete for a limited supply of funds. However, during the pandemic, the actual impact on interest rates was different from what the model predicted due to the implementation of expansionary monetary policy, which involves the Federal Reserve reducing interest rates to stimulate economic growth.