Answer:
Question 1:
1. Atmosphere: Mars has a thin atmosphere that is mostly carbon dioxide, while Earth has a thicker atmosphere that is mostly nitrogen and oxygen.
2. Distance from the sun: Mars is farther from Earth than Earth, so it receives less sunlight and heat.
3. Magnetic Field: Earth has a strong magnetic field that protects it from the solar wind, while Mars has a weak magnetic field that does not provide much protection.
4. Surface: Mars has a rocky and dusty surface that absorbs heat quickly and does not reflect much sunlight, while Earth has a diverse surface that absorbs and reflects heat differently.
Question 2:
Temperature relates to the layers of the atmosphere because temperature changes as altitude increases or decreases. The lowest layer of the atmosphere, the troposphere, is where we live and where weather occurs. It is the densest layer, and temperature decreases as altitude increases. The stratosphere is above the troposphere and contains the ozone layer. Temperature increases as altitude increases in the stratosphere due to the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone. The mesosphere is above the stratosphere, and temperature decreases as altitude increases. The thermosphere is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere, and temperature increases as altitude increases due to the absorption of solar radiation.
Step-by-step explanation: