Question

susan meets the necessary requirements for inclusion in a survey. yet, she is not included in the survey. which of the following mechanisms might have been used by the interviewer to exclude susan from the sample?

Answer 1

Susan may have been excluded from the survey due to non-sampling errors like selection bias or non-response bias, or through the use of convenience sampling. If the researcher systematically excludes certain individuals, the result is a sample that is not representative of the population which can lead to sampling error.

Step-by-step explanation:

One possible mechanism that might have been used to exclude Susan from the survey could be non-sampling errors such as selection bias. Selection bias occurs when certain members of the intended sample are systematically excluded, which results in a sample that is not representative of the population. In the scenario provided, Susan meets the necessary requirements for including in the survey but was not chosen. This exclusion could have been intentional due to interviewer bias or could have been because of logistical challenges, like trying to contact her multiple times without success, thus excluding her due to non-response bias.

Another mechanism might be the use of convenience sampling, where the interviewer includes individuals that are easily accessible or readily available to participate in the study rather than those who are difficult to reach or do not self-select into the survey. This can also lead to bias, as it does not provide a fair representation of the entire population.

To elaborate on the example provided, if the researcher is ignoring people who are not home, she is likely missing data from working families that are relevant to the study of jobs and child care. This can lead to sampling error because the sample would be more likely to include individuals who are at home during the day, which may not represent the work-life dynamics of the entire population.

Addressing these issues could include employing strategies to minimize the risk of missing relevant participants, such as extended survey hours to reach a wider demographic, multiple attempts to contact potential respondents, or using a variety of sampling methods to ensure a comprehensive and unbiased demographic is included.

Answer 2

The correct option is b.

Susan meets the necessary requirements for inclusion in a survey. yet, she is not included in the survey because of Rating cards.

Excluding someone from a survey sample when they meet the necessary requirements could happen due to various mechanisms or errors in the survey process. Let's break down each of the options and how they might be involved:

A. Supervisor instructions:

This could occur if Susan's inclusion or exclusion was based on specific instructions from a supervisor overseeing the survey. The supervisor might have directed the interviewer to exclude Susan for some specific reason.

B. Rating cards:

Rating cards typically contain information about potential survey participants, including their suitability for the survey. If Susan's rating card indicated that she should be excluded for some reason, the interviewer might have followed this guidance.

C. Quotas:

Quotas are predefined targets for specific demographic groups within a survey sample. If Susan belonged to a group that had already met its quota, she might have been excluded to maintain balance within the sample.

D. Interviewer instructions:

Interviewers may receive instructions about which individuals to include or exclude based on specific criteria. If Susan's exclusion was due to such instructions, it would fall under this mechanism.

E. Call record sheet:

Call record sheets typically contain information about attempted and completed survey calls. If Susan's call record sheet indicated that she was not contacted or interviewed for some reason, this could be the mechanism behind her exclusion.

The answer is Rating cards.