Calorimetry is a scientific technique used to measure the heat transfer or energy changes associated with chemical reactions or physical processes. It involves the use of a calorimeter, which is a device designed to contain and measure these energy changes. The important components of a calorimeter include a sample chamber where the reaction takes place, a thermometer to measure temperature changes, and an insulating material to minimize heat loss to the surroundings. Terms necessary for calorimetry include heat capacity (the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the calorimeter), specific heat capacity (the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance), and the principle of conservation of energy.