Answer:
The best mitigation strategy for conserving the High Plains (Ogallala) Aquifer is the implementation of conservation tillage. This strategy has positive and negative effects, but the positives outweigh the negatives.
Conservation tillage involves leaving crop residue on the soil surface rather than removing it through plowing, which reduces water evaporation from the soil. This helps to maintain soil moisture and increase infiltration rates, which in turn recharges the aquifer.
The positive effects of conservation tillage include increased soil water infiltration, improved soil health, reduced soil erosion, increased crop yield, and reduced energy use and labor costs associated with traditional tillage practices. This practice also reduces water usage and helps conserve water resources.
On the other hand, the adverse effects of conservation tillage include increased weed pressure, reduced soil temperature, and increased herbicide use, which can lead to soil contamination. However, these adverse effects can be minimized with proper weed management practices.
A study by West Texas A&M University found that conservation tillage increased infiltration rates by 20-30% and reduced water evaporation by 25-30%. Another study by the USDA showed that conservation tillage practices resulted in a 19% increase in crop yields.
Therefore, implementing conservation tillage is the best option for conserving the High Plains (Ogallala) Aquifer. It is a sustainable and cost-effective practice that conserves water resources and improves soil health and crop yield.
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