The roots of vascular plants form associations with fungi called mycorrhizae, which allow them to absorb water and minerals from the soil. Mycorrhizae are mutualistic associations between plant roots and the hyphae (filamentous structures) of certain fungi. The fungi provide the plant with increased access to nutrients, while the plant provides the fungi with carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis. This symbiotic relationship is essential for the growth and survival of many plant species.