Steel is considered to be a: d. Substitutional alloy
How to explain
Steel is primarily composed of iron and carbon, with other elements added in varying proportions to impart specific properties.
As a substitutional alloy, the additional elements replace some of the iron atoms within the crystal lattice structure without significantly altering the overall structure.
This type of alloy allows for flexibility in adjusting the properties of steel, such as strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance, by replacing iron atoms with other elements, like chromium, nickel, or manganese, while maintaining the crystalline arrangement.