Answer:
Poor ventilation, Long hours of working, child labor and exploitation, Low salary of workers and dangerous machines.
Step-by-step explanation:
Inferences can be made about working conditions in the mills are;
Long working hours: It is inferred that working hours in the mills were typically long and demanding. During the Industrial Revolution, the introduction of machinery and factory systems increased the pace of production, and workers were often required to work extended shifts. 12 to 16-hour workdays, six or seven days a week, were not uncommon.
Poor ventilation and air quality: The mills were often poorly ventilated, resulting in stifling and polluted air. The combination of smoke from coal-fired steam engines, airborne fibers from textile production, and crowded working spaces contributed to an unhealthy and uncomfortable environment. Workers were susceptible to respiratory problems, including lung diseases such as cotton lung or byssinosis.
Low wages and harsh working conditions: The wages paid to mill workers were generally low, particularly for women and children who made up a significant portion of the workforce. The work was physically demanding and monotonous, with workers often subjected to strict discipline and the constant pressure to meet production targets. Sanitary facilities were limited, and breaks were minimal, leaving workers with little time for rest or personal needs.
Child labor and exploitation: The mills heavily relied on child labor during the early years of the Industrial Revolution. Children as young as six or seven were employed in hazardous conditions, performing tasks that were often beyond their physical capabilities. They faced the same long hours and dangerous working conditions as adult workers and were subject to exploitation and abuse.
Dangerous machinery: The mills were filled with heavy machinery, such as spinning frames and power looms, which posed significant risks to the workers. The machinery lacked safety guards and protective measures, making accidents and injuries frequent occurrences. Workers, including women and children, often had to operate these machines and were exposed to hazards like moving parts and high noise levels.