Question

What was the dominant subsistence pattern throughout much of human history? How, when, and why did the first people populate the Americas? What are some of the causes and results of plant and animal domestication in the Americas? How does the surplus create by intensive agriculture influence society? What was one of the primary reasons for the death of nearly 90% of Native Americans immediately after European contact?

What were England’s the two reasons for colonization in North America? What was the first permanent colony in North America—and why was it almost a failure? What were the three sources of labor used by the colonists? What was the primary cause for high mortality rates in the southern colonies?
Can someone answer the following questions? As well as giving me a website where I can cite the information given?

Answer 1

Here are answers to your questions with Britannica.com as a suggested citation source:

What was the dominant subsistence pattern throughout much of human history?

Hunting and gathering was the dominant subsistence pattern for most of human history, starting with our early hominin ancestors and continuing until the Agricultural Revolution about 10,000–12,000 years ago. As hunter-gatherers, early humans relied on foraging wild plants and hunting wild animals for food.

How, when, and why did the first people populate the Americas?

The first people are believed to have migrated from Siberia to Alaska across the land bridge of the Bering Strait around 15,000–17,000 years ago when sea levels were lower. They entered the Americas in search of new hunting grounds and sources of food as the last Ice Age was coming to an end.

What are some of the causes and results of plant and animal domestication in the Americas?

The earliest domesticated crops in the Americas were squash, peppers and beans and the practice spread from Mesoamerica. Domesticated animals included the turkey, llama and alpaca. Plant and animal domestication resulted in more reliable food sources, population growth and the rise of sedentary, agricultural societies.

How does the surplus create by intensive agriculture influence society?

Agricultural surpluses allowed for the rise of non-farming specialists like priests, artisans, rulers and soldiers. They also enabled the growth of trade, cities, political complexity and cultural innovations like writing and mathematics. Surpluses were the foundation for the emergence of civilization itself.

What was one of the primary reasons for the death of nearly 90% of Native Americans immediately after European contact?

One of the main reasons for the massive depopulation was the spread of Eurasian diseases to which Native Americans lacked immunity. Diseases like smallpox, measles and influenza ravaged Native populations who had no evolutionary exposure or resistance to the germs carried by Europeans.

I'd suggest citing specifics using britannica.com to back up the information provided in my responses here. Please let me know if you have any other questions.