Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the U.S. Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Asia between 1933 and 1941 with a series of diplomatic, economic, and military actions. Here's an overview of their responses:
The Manchurian Crisis (1931-1933): When Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931, the Roosevelt administration expressed concern and supported diplomatic efforts to resolve the conflict peacefully. However, the response from the United States was primarily diplomatic, and no significant military action was taken.
The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945): As the conflict between China and Japan escalated, President Roosevelt was sympathetic towards China and supported its efforts against Japanese aggression. The United States increased economic aid to China, particularly after the Panay incident in 1937 when a U.S. gunboat was attacked by the Japanese. The administration also implemented an embargo on strategic resources, such as oil and scrap metal, which limited Japan's ability to wage war.
The Tripartite Pact and the Axis Powers: In 1940, Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact, forming the Axis Powers. President Roosevelt condemned this alliance and expressed support for countries opposing aggression.
Neutrality Acts: In response to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia, Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts between 1935 and 1939. These acts aimed to maintain U.S. neutrality and prevent American involvement in foreign conflicts. They imposed an embargo on arms sales to belligerent nations and restricted American citizens' travel on belligerent ships.
Lend-Lease Act: In 1941, facing the growing threat of war, Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act. This legislation allowed the United States to provide military aid, including ships, aircraft, and other supplies, to countries deemed vital to American defense, such as the United Kingdom, China, and the Soviet Union. This marked a shift in U.S. policy from strict neutrality towards active support for nations fighting against Axis aggression.