Question

what is the reason that substances combine and form a new product ? explain with the help of some example

Answer 1

Substances combine and form new products through chemical reactions. Chemical reactions occur when the atoms of one or more substances rearrange themselves to form different combinations of atoms, resulting in the formation of new substances with different properties.

The primary reasons that substances combine and undergo chemical reactions are:

Stability: Atoms and molecules tend to form more stable arrangements. Stability refers to achieving a lower energy state or a more favorable configuration. Some elements are highly reactive because their atoms are unstable in their pure form. By combining with other substances, they can achieve a more stable arrangement of atoms and a lower energy state. For example, sodium (Na) is a highly reactive metal that readily combines with chlorine (Cl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl), a stable compound commonly known as table salt.
Electron Configuration: Chemical reactions often involve the transfer, sharing, or redistribution of electrons between atoms. Atoms desire to achieve a more stable electron configuration, such as a full outer electron shell. Elements with incomplete electron shells are more likely to react with other elements to gain, lose, or share electrons. For instance, oxygen (O) has six electrons in its outer shell and can react with two hydrogen (H) atoms to form water (H2O) by sharing electrons. In the process, both oxygen and hydrogen achieve more stable electron configurations.
Formation of Bonds: Chemical reactions allow the formation of chemical bonds, which are forces of attraction that hold atoms together in compounds. Bonds are formed through the rearrangement and sharing of electrons between atoms. By forming bonds, atoms can achieve a lower energy state and increase stability. An example is the combination of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) to form carbon dioxide (CO2). The carbon and oxygen atoms share electrons to create covalent bonds, resulting in the formation of a new substance with different properties.
It's important to note that while substances combine and form new products through chemical reactions, the total number of atoms remains constant. This is known as the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, only rearranged.

Answer 2

Answer:Substances combine and form a new product because of chemical reactions. During a chemical reaction, the atoms of the reactants rearrange themselves to form new molecules with different properties. For example, when hydrogen gas (H2) reacts with chlorine gas (Cl2), they combine to form hydrogen chloride gas (HCl), which is a new product. The chemical reaction that occurs is:

H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

In this reaction, the hydrogen and chlorine molecules break apart and then recombine to form hydrogen chloride. The properties of hydrogen chloride, such as its boiling point, melting point, and reactivity, are different from those of hydrogen and chlorine. This is because hydrogen chloride has a different chemical structure and different chemical properties than hydrogen and chlorine.

Chemical reactions occur because of the way atoms interact with each other. Atoms are always trying to achieve a more stable arrangement of electrons in their outermost energy level. When atoms combine to form new molecules, they can achieve a more stable electron configuration, which is energetically favorable. This is why chemical reactions occur and why substances combine to form new products.