Prevalence: It is estimated that approximately 16-20% of Canadians are lactose intolerant to some degree. However, the prevalence can vary among different ethnic groups. For example, individuals of Asian, African, and Indigenous descent tend to have higher rates of lactose intolerance compared to individuals of European descent.
Symptoms: Lactose intolerance is characterized by the inability to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. Common symptoms include bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and gas after consuming lactose-containing foods.
Genetic Factors: Lactose intolerance is primarily caused by a deficiency of lactase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down lactose. Genetic factors play a role in lactose intolerance, and certain populations have a higher prevalence of genetic variations associated with lactase deficiency.
Dietary Impact: Lactose intolerance can significantly impact the dietary choices and habits of affected individuals. Many Canadians with lactose intolerance avoid or limit their consumption of dairy products, which can lead to potential nutritional deficiencies if alternative sources of nutrients, such as calcium and vitamin D, are not adequately addressed.
Product Availability: Due to the prevalence of lactose intolerance, there is a growing market for lactose-free and dairy-free products in Canada. Many grocery stores offer a wide range of lactose-free options, including milk, cheese, yogurt, and ice cream, to accommodate individuals with lactose intolerance.
Cultural and Lifestyle Factors: In multicultural cities like Toronto and Vancouver, where a diverse population resides, lactose intolerance is an important consideration in food choices and dietary practices. Many Canadians with lactose intolerance seek alternative options, such as plant-based milk alternatives (e.g., almond milk, soy milk, oat milk) or lactase supplements, to maintain a balanced diet while avoiding lactose-containing products.