Final answer:
The assembly of a ribosome onto an mRNA involves GTP hydrolysis, not ATP hydrolysis. ATP is used for charging tRNAs with amino acids, but the ribosome assembly and translation processes rely on energy from GTP.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assembly of a complete ribosome onto an mRNA does in fact require energy, but it is not supplied by ATP hydrolysis. The energy required for the various steps of translation, including ribosome assembly on mRNA, peptide bond formation, and translocation of the ribosome along the mRNA, is provided by GTP hydrolysis, not ATP. Specifically, GTP hydrolysis is catalyzed by elongation factors that assist in ribosome translocation and in bringing the correct tRNA into the ribosome's A site.
Therefore, the statement 'assembly of a complete ribosome onto an mRNA requires ATP hydrolysis' is False. While ATP is utilized for other processes in translation such as charging tRNA with the correct amino acid (a process known as tRNA activation or aminoacylation), it is not directly used for the assembly of ribosomes onto mRNA.