Final answer:
When water freezes, it releases heat which is used to protect fruit trees from frost damage. Spraying 8.00 kg of 0°C water onto a fruit tree releases 2672 kJ of heat. This heat would increase the temperature of a 114-kg tree by approximately 0.93 °C.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the amount of heat released when water freezes, we need to determine the enthalpy of fusion of water, which is the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of water from a solid to a liquid state at its melting point.
The enthalpy of fusion of water is approximately 334 kJ/kg.
To calculate the heat released when the water freezes, we can multiply the mass of water by the enthalpy of fusion:
Heat released = mass × enthalpy of fusion = 8.00 kg × 334 kJ/kg = 2672 kJ
For part (b), to calculate the change in temperature of the tree, we can use the equation:
Change in temperature = Heat transferred / (mass × specific heat capacity)
Change in temperature = 2672 kJ / (114 kg × 2.5 x 10^3 J/(kg °C)) = 0.93 °C
Therefore, the temperature of the 114-kg tree would increase by approximately 0.93 °C.