Answer:
Ideal Fluid: To make the analysis of fluid behavior more straightforward, ideal fluids are theoretical constructs employed in fluid dynamics. It is distinguished by a number of presumptions that simplify the calculations and equations. These presumptions consist of:
- Incompressibility: An ideal fluid is assumed to have constant density and is not affected by changes in pressure.
- Non-viscosity: An ideal fluid is assumed to have no internal friction or viscosity, meaning it flows without any resistance.
- Irrotational flow: The flow of an ideal fluid is assumed to be non-turbulent, with no swirling or rotation occurring within the fluid.
- Steady flow: The properties of an ideal fluid remain constant over time, and the flow does not change with time.
Real Fluid: Unlike an ideal fluid, which must adhere to idealized assumptions, a real fluid is one that actually exists in the real world. Real fluids have characteristics like viscosity, compressibility, and turbulence, which complicate and complicate the analysis of their behavior.
- Viscosity: Real fluids have internal friction or viscosity, which causes resistance to flow and results in the formation of shear stresses within the fluid. This viscosity affects the rate of flow and influences the fluid's behavior.
- Compressibility: Real fluids, such as gases, can be compressed or expanded under changes in pressure. Unlike ideal fluids, real fluids experience changes in density and volume as pressure varies.
- Turbulence: Real fluids can exhibit turbulent flow, characterized by chaotic and irregular motion. Turbulence occurs when the flow velocities exceed a certain critical value, resulting in eddies, swirls, and mixing within the fluid.
Understanding the behavior of real fluids requires more complex mathematical models and experimental data. Researchers and engineers employ techniques such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimentation to study and predict the behavior of real fluids in various applications.
In conclusion, while the concept of an ideal fluid provides a simplified framework for analyzing fluid behavior, real fluids deviate from these idealized assumptions due to their viscosity, compressibility, and potential for turbulence. Studying the behavior of real fluids is crucial in practical applications, as it allows for more accurate predictions and analysis in fields such as engineering, physics, and environmental sciences.