Question

Which of the following are activated by many receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)?

Choose one or more:
A.) phospholipase C
B.) the monomeric GTP-binding protein Ras
C.) the MAP-kinase signaling module
D.) trimeric GTP-binding proteins
E.) phosphoinositide 3-kinase

Answer 1

Ras, MAP-kinase signaling module, and PI3K are all activated by many receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs).

Step-by-step explanation:

The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) can activate multiple signaling pathways. Among the options provided, the following are activated by many RTKs:

• The monomeric GTP-binding protein Ras: The activation of Ras is a central part of many RTK signaling pathways and plays a role in cell division.
• The MAP-kinase signaling module: This module, consisting of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, is commonly activated by RTKs and is involved in cellular metabolism and cell division.
• Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K): This enzyme is activated by RTKs and plays a role in cellular metabolism and various cellular processes.

Answer 2

OPTION A, B,C AND E.

Activated components by many RTKs include phospholipase C, the monomeric GTP-binding protein Ras, the MAP-kinase signaling module, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Trimeric GTP-binding proteins are not usually activated by RTKs.

Step-by-step explanation:

The following components are activated by many receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs): phospholipase C, the monomeric GTP-binding protein Ras, the MAP-kinase signaling module, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Receptor tyrosine kinases lead to the activation of several downstream signaling pathways, including the Ras pathway, which ultimately activates the MAP-kinase cascade. This cascade plays a crucial role in cellular functions such as protein expression, cell division, and cellular metabolism. Phospholipase C is another effector that gets activated and leads to the generation of secondary messengers like IP3 and DAG, which further propagate signaling pathways. However, trimeric GTP-binding proteins, which are associated with G-protein-coupled receptors, are not typically activated by RTKs.