Final answer:
The author creates tension through vivid descriptions of setting, direct references to the character's fear and loneliness, and the anticipation of the unknown.
Step-by-step explanation:
The author uses various text portions to create tension and evoke a sense of loneliness and fear. Specifically, in the provided excerpts, tension is built through the description of the vast, empty world (as in excerpt 2), the overwhelming silence and feeling of dread (as in the multiple examples of hearing a sound or fear in the darkness), and the anticipation of danger or the unknown (given the detailed emotional reactions to various night-time stimuli). Direct references to the character's emotions, such as fear, loneliness, and apprehension, enhance the tense atmosphere, as do vivid descriptions of the setting that underline the character's vulnerability and the uncertainty of their situation.