Answer: The correct answer is:
c. Higher pitch, vocal tension, and longer pauses
Step-by-step explanation:
Leakage cues are unintentional nonverbal behaviors that can reveal deceptive communication. These cues are often subconscious and can occur alongside intentional verbal communication. One example of a leakage cue is when a person's voice becomes higher in pitch, exhibits vocal tension, or experiences longer pauses while attempting to deceive. These nonverbal behaviors can indicate internal stress or anxiety associated with dishonesty and can be indicative of potential deception.
Options a, b, and d do not describe leakage cues. Direct eye contact and smiles (option a) and relaxed posture and carefully controlled physical movements (option d) can be intentional behaviors used to convey trustworthiness or confidence, but they are not necessarily leakage cues. Carefully spoken words and phrases (option b) can also be intentional and do not necessarily indicate deception.