Question

Which of the following "edge effects" is/are often associated with forest fragmentation of the Eastern Deciduous Forešt? None of these are associated with this fragmentation. All of these are associated with this fragmentation. Reduction in population sizes of year-round residents that are attracted to habitat edges and nest in cavities due to competition with migrants. Mesopredator release and increased predation (e.g., on ground nests of birds) near forest edges.

Increases in most ground-nesting birds that breed in the interior of forest fragments. A reduction in the population size of the Brown-headed Cowbird.

Answer 1

The "edge effects" often associated with forest fragmentation of the Eastern Deciduous Forest include:

1. Reduction in population sizes of year-round residents that are attracted to habitat edges and nest in cavities due to competition with migrants.
2. Mesopredator release and increased predation (e.g., on ground nests of birds) near forest edges.

Therefore, the correct option would be: "Reduction in population sizes of year-round residents that are attracted to habitat edges and nest in cavities due to competition with migrants" and "Mesopredator release and increased predation (e.g., on ground nests of birds) near forest edges."