Answer:
The statement that best describes the impact of Virginia's 1662 law, which stated that children born to an enslaved mother were also enslaved, is that it institutionalized and perpetuated slavery across generations.
The law, known as partus sequitur ventrem, solidified the concept of hereditary enslavement based on the condition of the mother. It meant that children born to enslaved women would automatically inherit the status of their mother and be enslaved for life. This law had significant implications for the institution of slavery in Virginia and, later, in other colonies.