Question

Draw 2 water molecules. Include/represent the following:

- the shape

- the partial + and - charges on the oxygen and hydrogen atoms

- connect the two molecules together with a dashed line to represent hydrogen bonding

B. Choose TWO properties of water that are a result of hydrogen bonding. Describe each in a few words including an example in real life.

EXAMPLE: High specific heat capacity is water's ability to hold a lot of thermal energy and it the reason why our climate is more mild near the oceans.

Answer 1

Answer:

Description of two water molecules:
A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. The shape of a water molecule is bent or V-shaped, with the oxygen atom at the center and the two hydrogen atoms forming an angle of approximately 104.5 degrees. The oxygen atom carries a partial negative charge (δ-) due to its higher electronegativity, while each hydrogen atom carries a partial positive charge (δ+).

Representation of hydrogen bonding:
Hydrogen bonding occurs between the partially positive hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the partially negative oxygen atom of another water molecule. These interactions are represented by dashed lines connecting the oxygen atom of one molecule to the hydrogen atom of another.

Properties resulting from hydrogen bonding:

High specific heat capacity:
Water has a high specific heat capacity, which refers to its ability to absorb and store a large amount of thermal energy without significantly increasing in temperature. This property is due to the extensive hydrogen bonding between water molecules. Hydrogen bonds require energy to break, and as a result, water can absorb a considerable amount of heat before its temperature rises significantly. This property plays a crucial role in regulating Earth's climate, as large bodies of water act as heat sinks and help stabilize temperature variations. For example, coastal areas experience milder climates due to the moderating effect of nearby oceans.
Cohesion and surface tension:
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules leads to the cohesive forces that hold water molecules together. This cohesive property gives water a high surface tension, allowing it to form droplets and maintain its shape. Water molecules at the surface of a body of water are more strongly attracted to other water molecules below than to air molecules above, resulting in a "skin-like" surface tension. This property is visible when small insects or objects can "float" on the surface of water without immediately sinking. It also enables capillary action, where water can be drawn up through narrow tubes against gravity, such as in plants' vascular systems.

Although I cannot provide visual representations, I hope this verbal description helps you visualize the properties and interactions of water molecules.

Answer 2

the shape of the water molecule would have the partial charges, with the Hydrogen of one water molecule beingattracted to the oxygen particle of the other molecule, vice versa.

the properties of water that result in hydrogen bodnign is surface tension and heat capacity. waters high surface tension causes it to shrink into the minimum surface area possible. The heat capacity allows the water to hold lots of heat.