The change in religious concepts and understanding of the universe between the Shang and Zhou dynasties in ancient China can be identified as option e: a shift in emphasis from the more personal "Lord on High" to the concept of Heaven. During the Zhou dynasty, there was a transition from the worship of ancestral spirits and deities associated with nature and fertility, as seen in the Shang dynasty, to a more abstract and impersonal concept of Heaven as the supreme cosmic power. This shift marked a transition towards a more philosophical and metaphysical understanding of the universe.