Answer:
According to Hofstede's dimensions of culture, the USA is primarily considered an individualistic culture, while Ireland is considered to be a more communitarian culture. In specific cultures, people tend to separate their work and personal lives whereas in diffuse cultures, people tend to mix their personal lives and work.
Apple had to adapt to the Irish culture when operating in Ireland. They had to adjust their management style and adapt to the Irish workforce that values a more collaborative work style. They had to deal with labor unions and had to accommodate Irish labor laws that are different from the USA. Apple also had to focus on localization by hiring Irish employees and creating localized products.
Three relevant journal articles that support these findings are:
1. Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind: Intercultural cooperation and its importance for survival (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
2. Jermany, D. M., & Gannon, M. J. (1997). Individualism, collectivism, and organizational decision practices: A comparative study of the United States and Ireland. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(3), 535-554.
3. Deegan, C., Rankin, M., & Tobin, J. (2002). An examination of the corporate social and environmental disclosures of BHP from 1983-1997: A test of legitimacy theory. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3), 312-343.
In summary, the USA is an individualistic culture while Ireland is more communitarian. Apple had to adapt to the Irish culture when operating in Ireland by adjusting their management style, complying with Irish labor laws, and localizing products. Three relevant journal articles that support these findings are Hofstede's work on cultural dimensions, a comparative study of decision practices in the USA and Ireland, and an examination of corporate social and environmental disclosures of a company operating in Ireland.
Step-by-step explanation: