Question

Which statement is consistent with the kinetic-molecular theory?

a. Gas molecules have high attractive forces between them.
b. Gas molecules have discrete, directional motion
c. The volume of a vessel containing a gas consists mainly of empty space
d. The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature

Answer 1

The correct statement according to the kinetic-molecular theory is that the volume of a vessel containing a gas consists mainly of empty space, since gas particles are far apart and mostly in random rapid motion.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question asks which statement is consistent with the kinetic-molecular theory. According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the correct statement is c. The volume of a vessel containing a gas consists mainly of empty space. This is because the kinetic-molecular theory assumes that the particles in a gas are so far apart that the volume of the particles themselves is negligible compared to the volume of the empty space. Gas molecules are considered to have no forces of attraction or repulsion between them; they move in constant, random, rapid motion; and they engage in elastic collisions with each other and the walls of their container.

Answer 2

The statement consistent with the kinetic-molecular theory is that the volume of a vessel containing a gas consists mainly of empty space.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct statement that is consistent with the kinetic-molecular theory is (c) The volume of a vessel containing a gas consists mainly of empty space. According to the kinetic-molecular theory, gas molecules are in constant random motion and are separated by large distances. The gas molecules themselves occupy a very small fraction of the total volume of the gas.

For example, if you imagine a gas-filled balloon, the gas molecules are spread out throughout the balloon, with a lot of empty space between them. This is why gases can be compressed easily, as the gas molecules can be pushed closer together.

The other statements are incorrect according to the kinetic-molecular theory. Gas molecules have very weak attractive forces between them (option a is incorrect), and their motion is random and not directional (option b is incorrect). Additionally, the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature, not inversely proportional (option d is incorrect).