Answer:
The major geological and biological events that have occurred on the planet over 4.6 billion years are documented by various scientific disciplines and fields of study.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major geological and biological events that have occurred on the planet over 4.6 billion years are documented by the interdisciplinary field of Earth history or Geologic history. This field combines the study of geology, paleontology, paleoclimatology, stratigraphy, and other related disciplines to reconstruct and understand the history of the Earth.
Through the analysis of various types of evidence such as fossils, rock layers, radiometric dating, paleoclimatology, and the theory of plate tectonics, scientists have been able to piece together a comprehensive timeline of Earth's history. This timeline includes significant events such as the formation of the Earth, the development of continents and oceans, the evolution of life from single-celled organisms to complex organisms, mass extinctions, climate changes, the movement of tectonic plates, and the shaping of the Earth's surface through processes like erosion, volcanic activity, and earthquakes.
By studying Earth's history, scientists gain insights into the processes that have shaped our planet and the intricate connections between geological, biological, and climatic events. This knowledge not only helps us understand the past but also provides valuable information for predicting future changes and preserving the Earth's ecosystems and resources.