Answer:
A. y = (x + 3)^ 2 - 1
Explanation:
To represent the transformation of a horizontal shift left 3 and a vertical shift down 1 applied to the function y = x^2, you can use the following equation:
y = (x + 3)^2 - 1
In this equation, the term (x + 3) represents the horizontal shift left 3, and the term -1 represents the vertical shift down 1. The squared term remains the same as in the original function, y = x^2.