Question

Any four principles of administrative management theory ​

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Here are four principles of administrative management theory:

1- Scalar Chain: The principle of scalar chain emphasizes the formal chain of command within an organization. It establishes a hierarchical structure where authority flows from top to bottom. It implies that each subordinate should have a clear line of communication with their superior and that messages or instructions should pass through the established chain.

2- Unity of Command: The principle of unity of command states that an employee should receive orders and be accountable to only one superior. This ensures clarity and avoids confusion or conflicts arising from multiple authorities giving contradictory instructions.

3- Unity of Direction: The principle of unity of direction emphasizes the need for a clear and unified direction for the organization. It implies that all activities and efforts should align with the overall goals and objectives of the organization. This principle helps to avoid fragmentation and ensures that everyone is working towards a common purpose.

4- Span of Control: The principle of span of control refers to the number of subordinates that a manager can effectively supervise. It suggests that there should be a balance between a manager's span of control and their ability to provide adequate supervision, guidance, and support to their subordinates. A narrow span of control allows for closer supervision, while a wider span of control enables greater efficiency by reducing layers of management.

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Answer 2

Fayol's administrative management theory can be described as an approach to management and increasing productivity by emphasizing organizational structure and human behavior. Fayol's theory is grounded in the five functions that represent management: planning, organizing, command, coordination, and control.