Final answer:
The steps for DNA profiling include obtaining DNA, amplifying it with PCR, determining the number of STR repeats, generating a DNA profile, and comparing it to a sample of interest.
Step-by-step explanation:
The steps for DNA profiling, in order from first to last, are as follows:
- Obtain DNA from a sample, such as blood or hair roots.
- Amplify DNA with PCR (polymerase chain reaction).
- Determine the number of STR (short tandem repeat) repeats at a site in both homologous chromosomes.
- Generate a DNA profile listing genotypes for all STR sites.
- Compare the DNA profile to a sample of interest, such as a potential family member or suspect.
By following these steps, forensic scientists can identify individuals involved in crimes or determine parent-child relationships based on DNA evidence.