Question

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for four clients. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients has a manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism?

a. The client who has a decreased calcium level
b. The client who has an increased magnesium level
c. The client who has a decreased parathyroid hormone level
d. The dient who has an increased phosphorous level

Answer 1

The client who has a decreased calcium level is most likely to have a manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism. Option A is correct.

Step-by-step explanation:

In primary hyperparathyroidism, there is excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid glands, leading to increased levels of calcium in the blood. The parathyroid hormone acts on the bones, kidneys, and intestines to regulate calcium levels.

The correct answer is (a) the client who has a decreased calcium level. In primary hyperparathyroidism, elevated PTH levels lead to increased calcium reabsorption from the bones and decreased excretion by the kidneys. As a result, serum calcium levels rise. However, when interpreting lab results, it's crucial to understand the inverse relationship between calcium and phosphorus. In this case, a decreased calcium level suggests that there may be excessive excretion or inadequate absorption, consistent with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Furthermore, option (c) is incorrect because primary hyperparathyroidism is characterized by an increased, not decreased, parathyroid hormone level. Parathyroid hormone stimulates the release of calcium from the bones and enhances calcium reabsorption by the kidneys.

Therefore, decreased levels of parathyroid hormone would not align with the manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism. Options (b) and (d) are unrelated to primary hyperparathyroidism and can be ruled out based on their lack of correlation with the disorder's characteristic features.

Answer 2

The correct answer is d.) The client who has a decreased serum phosphorus level is the one with a manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism, due to the condition's characteristic of causing high blood calcium and low serum phosphate levels.

Step-by-step explanation:

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for four clients. The nurse should recognize that the client who has a manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism is the one who shows signs of hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels). This condition is characterized by excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which leads to an increased reabsorption of calcium from the bone into the bloodstream, thus raising the serum calcium levels.

In hyperparathyroidism, one typically observes elevated serum calcium levels and reduced serum phosphate levels. Consequently, the correct answer is that the client who has a decreased level of serum phosphorus is likely experiencing hyperparathyroidism. Other results that might be observed in hyperparathyroidism include increased phosphatase activity, decreased urinary calcium, and increased bone destruction which may lead to kidney stones as well as weakened bones prone to fractures and deformities.