The Allied powers in World War I were primarily known as the Triple Entente and included the following countries:
United Kingdom: The British Empire, including the United Kingdom and its dominions like Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
France: The French Republic and its overseas territories.
Russia: The Russian Empire, until its withdrawal from the war in 1917 due to the Russian Revolution.
Other countries that joined the Allies during the course of the war or provided support include:
Italy: Initially, Italy was part of the Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary but later joined the Allies in 1915.
United States: The United States entered the war on the side of the Allies in 1917.
Japan: Japan joined the Allies to seize German colonies in the Pacific and to expand its influence in the region.
Belgium, Serbia, and other smaller countries: These nations were directly affected by German aggression and received support from the Allied powers.
The Central Powers in World War I were an alliance of countries that opposed the Allied powers. The major members of the Central Powers were:
Germany: Led by Kaiser Wilhelm II, the German Empire sought to establish itself as a dominant power in Europe.
Austria-Hungary: The Austro-Hungarian Empire, under Emperor Franz Joseph, aimed to maintain its influence in the Balkans and protect its multi-ethnic empire.
Other countries that joined or were aligned with the Central Powers during the war include:
Ottoman Empire: Led by the Committee of Union and Progress, the Ottoman Empire aimed to defend its territories and interests in the Middle East.
Bulgaria: Bulgaria joined the Central Powers in 1915, seeking territorial gains in the Balkans.
The Allied powers in World War II were composed of the following countries:
United States: Led by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the United States joined the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor and played a major role in the Allied efforts.
United Kingdom: Led by Prime Minister Winston Churchill, the United Kingdom was one of the key leaders of the Allies throughout the war.
Soviet Union: Led by Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union joined the war after being invaded by Germany and played a crucial role in the defeat of the Axis powers on the Eastern Front.
China: The Republic of China, led by Chiang Kai-shek, fought against Japanese aggression in Asia and played a significant role in the Pacific theater.
France: After its liberation in 1944, France, under General Charles de Gaulle, joined the Allies and participated in the war effort.
Other countries that joined the Allied powers during the war include:
Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and other British Commonwealth countries: These countries, as part of the British Empire, provided substantial support to the Allied cause.
Poland, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, and other occupied countries: These countries were invaded and occupied by Axis forces and contributed to the Allied efforts through resistance movements and the formation of governments in exile.
The Axis powers in World War II were primarily composed of the following countries:
Germany: Under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, Nazi Germany sought to expand its territorial control and establish a racially-based empire in Europe.
Italy: Led by Benito Mussolini, Fascist Italy aimed to regain its former glory and create a new Roman Empire.
Japan: The Empire of Japan, led by Emperor Hirohito and militaristic factions within the government, sought to establish dominance in the Asia-Pacific region and create a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.
Other countries that joined the Axis powers or were closely aligned with them during the war include:
Hungary
Romania
Bulgaria