Final answer:
The Balanced Scorecard does not include the 'External Control Perspective.' Instead, it comprises the Learning and Growth Perspective, Internal Business Process Perspective, Customer Perspective, and Financial Perspective.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Balanced Scorecard is a strategic planning and management system that organizations use to communicate what they are trying to accomplish, align the day-to-day work that everyone is doing with strategy, prioritize projects, products, and services, and measure and monitor progress towards strategic targets. It was originated by Drs. Robert Kaplan and David Norton as a performance measurement framework that added strategic non-financial performance measures to traditional financial metrics to give managers and executives a more 'balanced' view of organizational performance. The Balanced Scorecard suggests we view the organization from four perspectives, and to develop metrics, collect data and analyze it relative to each of these perspectives.
The four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard are:
Learning and Growth Perspective (Identifies the infrastructure that the organization must build to create long-term growth and improvement).
Internal Business Process Perspective (Focuses on the critical operations of an organization that enable it to provide value to customers and shareholders).
Customer Perspective (Refers to how customers see the organization and how effectively the organization serves its intended customers).
Financial Perspective (Evaluates the organization's financial performance and use of funds).
Looking at the options provided in the question:
a) Learning and Growth Perspective - is one of the perspectives.
b) External Control Perspective - is not one of the perspectives.
c) Internal Business Process Perspective - is one of the perspectives.
d) Financial Perspective - is one of the perspectives.
e) Customer Perspective - is one of the perspectives.
Therefore, the External Control Perspective is not one of the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard.