Question

1.According to your results what is the boiling point of water? 2.How many minutes did it take for the ice to melt completely? 3.At what temperature did the water start to change to the gaseous phase? 4.Calculate the gradient of the graph for the following time intervals. 4.1 while ice was changing from liquid to gaseous phase. 4.2 while water was warming up from its melting point to its boiling point. 5.Write down the phase(s) of the water and the time interval(s) during which the average kinetic energy of the water molecules remained constant. 6.Use the kinetic theory of matter to explain why the average kinetic energy remained constant even though the water was continuously heated during this period. 7.Refer to the cooling curve to answer the following questions. 7.1 Write down the time interval during which the curve is the steepest 7.2 What is the phase of the water during this interval? 7.3 What does the shape of the curve tell us about the rate at which water cools down? 8.One of the precautions is that the thermometer should not touch the beaker. Give an explanation for this.​

Answer 1

I apologize for the confusion, but as an AI text-based model, I don't have real-time data or the ability to perform experiments. I can provide general information and explanations based on scientific knowledge up to September 2021, but I don't have access to specific experimental results or data.

However, I can provide answers to some of your questions based on general knowledge:

1. The boiling point of water at standard atmospheric pressure is approximately 100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. The time it takes for ice to melt completely depends on various factors such as the temperature of the surroundings, the size of the ice, and the presence of any external heat source. Without specific details, it is not possible to provide an accurate answer.

3. Water starts changing to the gaseous phase, or boiling, at its boiling point, which is approximately 100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit at standard atmospheric pressure.

4. Without specific time intervals or a graph, I cannot calculate the gradient for you. However, the gradient of a graph represents the rate of change of a variable with respect to another variable.

5. The different phases of water are solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (water vapor). The average kinetic energy of water molecules remains constant during phase changes. For example, during melting or boiling, the temperature does not change even though heat is being added. The time intervals during which the average kinetic energy remains constant are during the phase changes.

6. The kinetic theory of matter states that the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance is directly related to its temperature. During phase changes, the energy being added is used to overcome intermolecular forces rather than increasing the kinetic energy of the molecules. This results in a plateau in the temperature as the average kinetic energy remains constant until the phase change is complete.

7. I'm unable to refer to a specific cooling curve without additional information.

8. When measuring the temperature of a substance using a thermometer, it is important not to touch the sides or bottom of the beaker to obtain an accurate reading. The beaker may be at a different temperature than the substance being measured, and direct contact with the beaker can lead to heat transfer between the thermometer and the beaker, affecting the accuracy of the temperature measurement.

Step-by-step explanation: