Nepal's destruction of wetlands can be attributed to several factors. Here are three reasons.
1. Urbanization and Infrastructure Development: Rapid urbanization and infrastructure development have led to wetlands conversion into residential, commercial, and industrial areas. As cities expand, wetlands are often drained, filled, or built upon to accommodate growing population needs. This destruction disrupts the natural hydrological cycle, affecting water availability, flood control, and wildlife habitat.
2. Agricultural Expansion and Intensive Farming: Agricultural expansion, including the conversion of wetlands into farmland, has played a significant role in wetland destruction. As the population increases and food prices rise, farmers often encroach on wetland areas for cultivation. Additionally, intensive farming practices, such as excessive fertilizer and pesticide use, can lead to water pollution and degradation of wetland ecosystems.
3. Illegal Activities and Poor Governance: Illegal activities, such as unregulated logging, sand mining, and poaching, contribute to wetland destruction in Nepal. Weak governance, corruption, and inadequate regulation enforcement make wetlands vulnerable to exploitation. The lack of proper management and conservation measures further exacerbates the problem, allowing illegal activities to persist unchecked.