Answer: The scale factor of the dilation is 4.
Explanation:
I determined this by taking the value of the x-axis of each letter (i.e. E', F', and G') of the larger shape and dividing them by the value of the x-axis of each letter (i.e. E, F, and G) of the smaller shape.
Ex. E' = 8 units; E = 2 units

This process also works for the y-axis too and you will get the same answer.
Ex. E' = 4 units; E = 1 unit

Important Points:
General Scale Factor equation:
Scale Factor = Larger Dimension / Small Dimension