Answer:
Compound X is named propene.
i. What happens when hydrogen bromide is added to the compound X?
When hydrogen bromide is added to an alkene, it will add across the double bond to form a new sigma bond. In the case of compound X, this would produce 2-bromopropane.
Reaction:
C3H6 + HBr → C3H7Br
ii. How can you prepare compound X from 1-chloropropane?
Compound X can be prepared from 1-chloropropane by reacting it with sodium hydroxide in water. The hydroxide ion will abstract a proton from the chlorine atom, leaving behind a negative charge on the carbon atom. This negative charge can then be attacked by a water molecule to form an alcohol.
Reaction:
CH3CH2CH2Cl + NaOH → CH3CH2CH2OH
iii. How can you prove chemically the compound X is unsaturated?
One way to prove that compound X is unsaturated is to react with bromine water. Bromine water is a solution of bromine in water. When bromine water is added to an unsaturated compound, the bromine will be added across the double bond to form a precipitate of bromine. This is a positive test for an unsaturated compound.
Reaction:
C3H6 + Br2 → C3H6Br2
iv. Convert methane into ethane.
Methane can be converted into ethane by reacting it with hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst, such as nickel. This reaction is called the Fischer-Tropsch process.
Reaction:
CH4 + H2 → C2H6
v. How can you prepare ethane from Kolbe's electrolysis?
Ethane can be prepared from Kolbe's electrolysis by passing an electric current through a solution of sodium acetate. The electric current will cause the acetate ions to decompose into carbon and hydrogen gas. The carbon and hydrogen gas will then react to form ethane.
Reaction:
2CH3COO- → C2H6 + 2CO2
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.