Here are some brief explanations of the terms you mentioned in the context of poster design:
Layout refers to the look, feel, and organization of elements in your poster. This encompasses the poster’s design elements and visual qualities — such as the color palette, font choices, design style, contrast, and use of white space — as well as how information is laid out on the page.
Text is an essential part of a poster and should be organized into sections and labeled with appropriate section headings so that readers can easily navigate the contents of your poster. The text should clearly describe the objective of your study, the procedures used, the results obtained, and any conclusions based on the results presented.
Graphics must appear in context with the main text. When choosing graphics, always choose high-resolution images (300 dpi or higher), and make sure that these images are large enough such that a person standing 5 feet away can see them.
Space or white space exists as a key feature because it is necessary for defining the borders of your presentation. It also creates “breathing room” within your poster, which helps viewers avoid feeling overwhelmed by the information being presented.