Final answer:
Computing devices exchanging data over the Internet need to follow the rules of the Internet Protocol (IP). Not all devices follow these rules, and there is no specific authority that warns non-compliant devices.
Step-by-step explanation:
When computing devices exchange data over the Internet, it is important for them to follow the rules of the Internet Protocol (IP). This protocol ensures that data is transmitted correctly and efficiently across the network. However, not all devices may follow these rules, and there is no specific authority like the Internet Protocol Authority (IPA) that warns devices for not following the rules. Therefore, option a is not true.
Option b is also not entirely true. While many computing devices do follow the rules of the Internet Protocol (IP), there may be some devices that do not. It's important to note that the Internet is a vast network, and it's difficult to ensure 100% compliance from all devices.
Option c is incorrect as well. Just because data is being sent over an Ethernet or fiber optic cable does not automatically mean that it is following the rules of the Internet Protocol (IP). The type of cable used for communication does not determine adherence to IP rules.
Option d is the most accurate. Many computing devices exchange data following the rules of the Internet Protocol (IP), but not all devices do. The data that is not sent according to IP may still be delivered, but it may experience slower transmission or encounter other issues due to the lack of adherence to the protocol.