Final answer:
During puberty, the hypothalamus triggers the release of GnRH, which travels to the pituitary gland, stimulating the production of FSH and LH. These hormones then stimulate the gonads, leading to the maturation of reproductive organs and development of secondary sex characteristics.
Step-by-step explanation:
During puberty, the changes that occur in the body are triggered by the hypothalamus in the brain. The steps involved in these changes are as follows:
- Triggering of GnRH by the hypothalamus: The hypothalamus releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in pulses.
- Movement of GnRH through a network of capillaries to the anterior pituitary gland: The GnRH travels to the anterior pituitary gland, which is located at the base of the brain.
- Stimulation of production and secretion of FSH and LH: The GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to produce and secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
- Stimulation of the gonadal response: FSH and LH travel through the bloodstream to the gonads (testes in males and ovaries in females), where they stimulate the production of sex hormones (estrogen in females and testosterone in males), leading to the maturation of the reproductive organs and the development of secondary sex characteristics.
These steps occur in a specific sequence and are responsible for the physical changes that take place during puberty.