Question

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Answer 1

1. Japan lacked natural resources such as oil, coal, and iron.
2. According to the Washington Conference, the Japanese military could be no larger than 3/5 the size of the US and UK militaries.
3. False. Japan was heavily impacted by the worldwide economic depression of the 1930s.
4. The Japanese Military began flexing its muscles in the 1930s by expanding its territory through aggressive actions such as invading Manchuria and China.
5. Manchuria is located in Northeast Asia, primarily in China. Japan exploited Manchuria by invading it and establishing a puppet state known as Manchukuo.
6. During the attack by the Japanese in Nanking, also known as the Nanking Massacre, Japanese soldiers killed and raped thousands of Chinese civilians and prisoners of war.
7. Four locations where the Japanese asserted their dominance in the region by 1939 were Manchuria, Korea, Taiwan, and parts of China.
8. The problem with the United States not being part of the League of Nations was that it weakened the League's ability to enforce international laws and prevent aggression by member nations.
9. False. Hitler was seen as a hero in Germany for his violations of the Treaty of Versailles.
10. The League of Nations did not respond to Hitler's actions in the Rhineland, which encouraged Hitler to continue his aggressive actions in Europe.
11. Mussolini ruled Italy and his goal for the country was to restore it to its former glory as a great world power.
12. Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935. The League of Nations responded with economic sanctions, but the response was not effective in stopping Italy's aggression.
13. The Axis Powers were Germany, Italy, and Japan.
14. Appeasement was a policy of making concessions to aggressive nations in order to avoid war. France and Great Britain used appeasement with Hitler by allowing him to annex parts of Czechoslovakia in 1938 in exchange for his promise not to make further territorial demands.
15. Anschluss means the annexation of Austria by Germany. An example from the chapter is Hitler's annexation of Austria in 1938.
16. Two ways Hitler achieved his goal of a German Reich (Empire) were by reoccupying the Rhineland in 1936 and by annexing Austria in 1938.
17. Mussolini's actions in Albania were seen as a response to Hitler's successes in Europe, as he wanted to establish Italy as a major power in the Mediterranean and the Balkans.
18. Three ways in which the United States responded to aggressor nations of Germany, Italy, and Japan were by implementing economic sanctions, providing military aid to allies, and ultimately entering the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
19. False. The impact of the Great War played a significant role in shaping US neutrality in regards to the aggressor nations of the 1930s.