Final answer:
The Enlightenment period challenged traditional authorities and sparked revolutions, its modern counterpart being the various political and social movements advocating for democracy and rights. While circumstances differ, the core idea of challenging authority remains consistent.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Enlightenment movement marked a period of intellectual ferment leading to the questioning of traditional authorities, including the monarchy and the aristocracy. This movement influenced transformative events such as the French, American, and Haitian Revolutions, challenging the idea of divine right and emphasizing constitutional governance, republicanism, and natural rights.
In modern examples, similar tensions have been noticed in various political and social movements that question authority and advocate for greater democracy or social rights, though the context and forms of these movements are varied and unique to their specific times and locations. It's challenging to find a direct comparison to the Enlightenment movement, but echoes can be seen in civil rights movements, anti-colonial movements, and the spread of democratic governance throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.
The Enlightenment emphasized critical thinking and inspired revolutions, with figures like John Locke promoting the idea that people had the right to change a government that does not protect natural rights. The tension between the aristocracy and monarchy during the Enlightenment mirrors contemporary struggles between entrenched elites and the broader populace.