Answer:
Feldman's three-phase model of socialization is a framework that explains how individuals become integrated into an organization. The model consists of the pre-entry, encounter, and metamorphosis phases.
The pre-entry phase refers to the time before an individual joins an organization, during which they form initial impressions of the company and its culture. The encounter phase begins when the individual starts working for the organization and experiences a reality shock as their expectations may not match the actual work environment. The metamorphosis phase is the final stage, during which the employee has fully integrated into the company's culture.
There are six socialization tactics that organizations use to socialize new employees: (1) collective, (2) formal, (3) sequential, (4) investiture, (5) divestiture, and (6) individual. Three of these tactics and examples of how they can be used to socialize employees are:
Collective socialization tactic: This tactic involves socializing groups of new employees together. This approach can help to establish a sense of community and belonging among new employees. For example, an organization may hold an orientation day where all new employees attend and participate in team-building exercises and training sessions together.
Formal socialization tactic: This tactic involves the use of formal training and structured programs to socialize new employees. Formal socialization programs can include classroom training, online courses, and job shadowing programs. For example, a new employee may be required to attend a week-long training program that teaches them about the organization's culture, values, and standard operating procedures.
Investiture socialization tactic: This tactic emphasizes the positive aspects of the employee's past experiences and helps them integrate their existing knowledge and skills into their new role. For example, a new manager may be asked to share their past experiences and successes with their team to help build trust and establish credibility.
In summary, Feldman's three-phase model of socialization provides a framework for understanding how individuals become integrated into organizations. Organizations can use various socialization tactics, such as collective, formal, and investiture, to effectively socialize new employees and help them integrate into the company's culture.
Step-by-step explanation: