Africa has seen the emergence of several new nations since its decolonization era.
South Sudan is the newest nation in Africa, having gained independence from Sudan in 2011.
Eritrea became an independent nation in 1993 after a long struggle for self-determination from Ethiopia.
Namibia gained independence from South Africa in 1990 after decades of apartheid rule.
Zimbabwe, formerly known as Rhodesia, achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1980.
Angola declared independence from Portugal in 1975 after a lengthy war of independence.
Mozambique became independent from Portugal in 1975 after a protracted armed struggle.
The Republic of Guinea-Bissau gained independence from Portugal in 1973.
Cape Verde achieved independence from Portugal in 1975.
Djibouti became an independent nation in 1977 after being a French overseas territory.
Comoros gained independence from France in 1975.
The island nation of Seychelles gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1976.
São Tomé and Príncipe became independent from Portugal in 1975.
The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic declared independence from Spain in 1976, but it remains unrecognized by many countries.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) gained independence from Belgium in 1960.
Somalia achieved independence from Italy and the United Kingdom in 1960.
Togo gained independence from France in 1960.
Senegal declared independence from France in 1960.
Madagascar became independent from France in 1960.
Most African countries gained their independence during the 1950s and 1960s as part of the wave of decolonization in the continent.