The type of drug that decreases arousal and has an inhibitory effect at the synapse is called a depressant. Depressants work by slowing down the activity in the central nervous system, which leads to a decrease in brain function and a feeling of relaxation or sedation. They can have an effect on a range of neurotransmitters including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is responsible for regulating neural activity.
Examples of depressants include alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and opioids. While they can be prescribed to treat certain medical conditions, such as anxiety or insomnia, they can also be misused and lead to addiction and other harmful effects. Therefore, it is important to use them only as directed by a healthcare professional and to never exceed the recommended dose.