A common substance formed by ionic bonding is table salt, which is also known as sodium chloride (NaCl). In ionic bonding, one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. In the case of table salt, sodium (Na) loses an electron to become a positively charged ion (Na+), while chlorine (Cl) gains an electron to become a negatively charged ion (Cl-). These oppositely charged ions then attract each other and form an ionic bond, resulting in the formation of NaCl. Other examples of substances formed by ionic bonding include magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and potassium iodide (KI).