Answer:

Explanation:
According to this fraction:
Numerator =

Denominator =

Step I:
Focus on the two terms in the numerator and observe that their Highest Common Factor (HCF) is 4. This can be extracted out while factorising:
=

∴
=

Step II:
The 4 (which is outside the parenthesis because it is extracted as the HCF) can be reduced by the 2 because of the division sign:
=
×

=
×

=
